Lost Boys of Sudan by Bixler Reading Level

Group of refugees from southern Sudan

School children in Kakuma refugee camp, Kenya

The Lost Boys of Sudan refers to a group of over xx,000 boys of the Nuer and Dinka ethnic groups who were displaced or orphaned during the Second Sudanese Civil War (1987–2005). Two 1000000 were killed and others were severely affected by the conflict.^[1] The term was used by healthcare workers in the refugee camps and may accept been derived from the children'south story of Peter Pan.^[2] The term also was used to refer to children who fled the post-independence violence in Due south Sudan in 2011–2013.^{[3] [four]}

The boys embarked on treacherous journeys to refugee camps in Ethiopia and Republic of kenya where thousands were sheltered for several years. Some of the Lost Boys were offered new lives through official resettlement programs in the Usa.

History

Sudanese Conflict

The Sudanese conflict, which incited the journey of the Lost Boys, stemmed from divisions among the Arabic-speaking Islamic Northerners and the Christian, Roman Catholic, and ethnic religions in the South. Following Sudan'southward independence from Britain in 1956, these divisions became contentious. The northern region of the country was primarily Muslim, which assorted ideologically and culturally with the Christian, Roman Catholic, indigenous religions, and atheists that were more prevalent in the south.^{[5] [half dozen]} In the Northerners' minds, the Due south was a legitimate place of conversation because the Christian faith promotes secularization. For each side, organized religion constituted identity, making the conflict extremely personal for all involved. Further, the Northern population was primarily Arabic-speakers, while the S comprised an English language speaking population. The new Sudanese government was dominated by Islamic Northerners who sought to Arabize and make the S an Islamic state, which had previously associated more than with their African ethnicity rather than Arab. Additionally, the conflict boosted economic elements. Although the north had more of the urban centers of the nation, they depended heavily on natural resources such as oil and minerals that were found in the southern region. The interests of northern business in extracting these resources contrasted the interests of southern farmers to protect and ain their own land for agriculture. ^[5] In all, these competing identities and interests created an organized civil state of war lasting over two decades.

Sudanese War

During the Second Sudanese Civil State of war, children were unable to adequately support themselves and suffered greatly from the terror. Many children were orphaned or separated from their families because of the systematic attacks of genocide in the southern part of the country. Some children were able to avoid capture or death considering they were away from their villages tending cattle at the cattle camps (grazing land located near bodies of water where cattle were taken and tended largely past the village children during the dry season) and were able to flee and hide in the dumbo African bush. Some of the unaccompanied male minors were conscripted by the Islamic Southern rebel terrorist forces and used as soldiers in the rebel army, while others were handed over to the Islamic State by their ain families to ensure protection, for food, and under a false impression the child would exist attending school.^[7] Children were highly marginalized during this period. As a result, they began to conglomerate and organize themselves in an effort to abscond the country and the state of war.

The Hardships

Motivated by the loss of their parents and their need to find food and safety from the conflict, an estimated 20,000 boys from rural southern Sudan fled to bordering Ethiopia and Kenya.^[8] Much of the travel took place by pes in large groups with the boys traveling in unmarried file lines.^[9] The journey from Due south Sudan to the nearest refugee camp could exist upward to thousands of miles. Travel ranged from a span of weeks to two or more years. Oft, the children traveled with no possessions likewise the clothes on their backs.^[ten] The Boys often depended on the charity of villages they passed for nutrient, necessities, and handling of the sick. All the same, most of their travel was in isolated regions with very little infrastructure. Groups of Boys were oft organized and led by the oldest boy in the group, who could be a young developed or sometimes every bit young as ten or twelve years old.

The Lost Boys on this migration were on average extremely malnourished, as food was sourced through donations from villages encountered forth the fashion, hunting, and theft.^[eight] They were besides vulnerable to rut exhaustion, pneumonia, malaria, and other diseases for which they had picayune ways of prevention or treatment.^[8] Additionally, attacks by lions, snakes, and other wild fauna were not uncommon. Information technology is estimated that over one-half of the young migrants died along their journey due to starvation, dehydration, affliction, attacks past wild animals and enemy soldiers.^[11] Conditions were made even more dangerous by the SPLA soldiers, who would attack the boys or forcibly recruit them as child soldiers. The SPLA estimated that 1,200 boys were recruited from groups of displaced children, although they deny forcing any of them into disharmonize.^[x] Experts say the Lost Boys are the most desperately state of war-traumatized children e'er examined.^{[i] [viii]}

The journeying of the Lost Boys was filled with suffering and unknowns equally the boys rarely knew the direction they were headed.^[12]

Arrival at refugee camps

Initially, most of the fleeing boys went to a refugee camp in Federal democratic republic of ethiopia, until the state of war in 1991 sent the boys fleeing again to a dissimilar refugee camp called Kakuma, which is located in Kenya.^[13] The arrival of the Lost Boys to the refugee camps in Ethiopia and Kenya were welcomed to various degrees. It was difficult for the camps to provide sufficient nutrient for the hundreds of boys arriving daily. The United Nations High Commission for Refugees and involved non-governmental organizations were frequently constrained to meet the needs of the population. A unique trouble for the story of the Lost Boys is how the age and family structure dynamics of the camps changed with the influx of young people.^[8] The Lost Boys came to the camps without guardians or developed supervision. They immediately required housing and schooling, which changed the allocation of resource in the camps. With some of the boys arriving in the camps at ages as immature equally 6 or 7, many of the Boys spent the majority of their babyhood and adolescence beingness raised in the camps.^[eight] Ultimately, being raised in a refugee camp significantly contradistinct their development and ability to assimilate into regular life.

Current status and resettlement

Between 1992 and 1996, UNICEF reunited approximately 1,200 Lost Boys with their families. However, almost 17,000 were still in camps throughout Ethiopia and Kenya equally of 1996.^[fourteen] These camps' disability to sustain the additional population burden fabricated it evident to government officials that more than needed to exist done.

In 2001, as office of a program established by the United States Government and the United nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), approximately 3,800 Lost Boys were offered resettlement in the United States.^[xi] Prior to the inception of this program, approximately 10,000 boys left the refugee camps for other opportunities, making them ineligible for the US's resettlement program.^[fifteen] They are now scattered over at least 38 cities, including major metropolises such as Chicago, Dallas, Boston, Seattle and Atlanta.^[i] Halted afterwards nine/11 for security reasons, the program restarted in 2004. Equally of 2006, the largest population of Sudanese refugees in the U.s. is in Omaha, Nebraska, which hosts nearly 7,000 people.^[sixteen] Numerous resettlement agencies, such as Catholic Charities, Lutheran Social Services, the International Rescue Committee (IRC), World Relief and other privatized organizations assisted in this resettlement procedure. A multifariousness of programs have been initiated to help these displaced people in areas of education, medical help, reconnecting with families in South Sudan and in rebuilding efforts and providing humanitarian aid in Southern Sudan.^[11]

Because many boys were over the age of 18, they were unable to exist placed into the foster intendance system. Thus, they were placed into flat complexes with i some other in hopes that they would sustain the kind of family atmosphere that was cultivated in Kakuma.^[17]

Despite the program'south intention to facilitate assimilation, many of the Lost Boys still face up difficulties in adapting to life in The United States, Canada, or whatever of the European countries that offered refugee resettlement.^[18] Posttraumatic stress, separation from loved ones, cultural isolation, racism and bigotry against the refugees made assimilation extremely difficult.^[19] Many studies have discussed a common condition among the Lost Boys of ambiguous loss. This occurs when someone experiences the loss of a family member without the closure of death, which allows for mourning and moving forward.^[nineteen] Moreover, a 2005 study found that 20% of Lost Boys nether the age of xviii suffered from symptoms of postal service-traumatic stress disorder.^[xx] Resettlement to the US fabricated it easier for many of the Lost Boys to reconnect with family members via western technology. However, information technology was often hard to reunite if the boys were already in the The states and the families remained in camps. Due south Sudan allows gratis admission to Lost Boys/Girls and Sudanese Diaspora from effectually the world to return to their homeland. As a result, many are now returning to Due south Sudan to pay it forwards and help in the rebuilding of their state of war-torn country, and to provide humanitarian assistance and support.

In Jan 2011, 99.47% of South Sudanese voted to carve up from the north and get an independent nation. Some American old Lost Boys and Girls at present agree positions in the electric current Regime of South Sudan.^[21]

The Lost girls

Although at that place is much attention directed toward the Lost Boys, common historical narratives often ignore their counterparts, the Lost Girls. Even before the conflict, inequalities between the Lost Boys and Lost Girls were manifested in the cultural practices of the Dinka and Nuer people. This marginalization heavily influenced their post-conflict recovery and integration in refugee camps and resettlement programs.

Not dissimilar other parts of Africa, Sudanese women were viewed as subordinate to men in families and villages. Family unit law consistently gave preference to men. Male children inherited their parents' wealth later on their death, and so parents strongly desired to accept male children, often at the expense of the care of the females. Men were allowed to take multiple wives, and polygamy was expected if the father had no sons by his other wives.^[22] Moreover, the use of a brideprice was common practice in Sudan, making women more of a commodity to her husband rather than a partner.^[23] After, women hold piffling weight inside a matrimony.

When conflict reached the rural parts of Southern Sudan, women were affected just every bit much as the men, simply in different means. Rape was rampant during attacks on villages equally the attackers would employ rape as a weapon of the state of war. Women and modest children (boys and girls) were taken to the north to be sold as slaves.^[24] Farther, women and children were oft forced or coerced into a trafficking situation. One time a person was involved in trafficking, it was extremely hard for family members to relocate them.

Upon their inflow in the camps in Ethiopia, the boys were placed into boys-only areas of the camp. Yet according to Sudanese civilisation, the girls could not exist left alone, so they were placed with surviving family members or adopted past other Sudanese families.^[eleven] Although these family placement practices provided security for young women, families ofttimes exploited the extra pair of hands at dwelling. The girls were expected to fulfill numerous domestic responsibilities that were often very taxing or even dangerous.^[22] The expectations of domestic work often prevented the girls and immature women from attending school while in the camps, and even when allowed to attend, their housework often kept them behind their male classmates, who had time to written report. In this way, girls were prevented from earning a formal education, further entrenching them in their inability to sustain themselves. Many girls were physically and/or sexually abused past their host families, raped past other refugees during activities such as fetching water or food rations, and occasionally, even sold equally brides for profit.^[22] In each of these examples, the girls were taken in simply as a potential profit or do good to the family.

When the US resettlement program began in 1999, 1 requirement was that the children must be orphans. Considering these girls had been living within a family unit for anywhere from ix–xiv years, they were no longer considered orphans, and therefore were ineligible for the resettlement programme. Equally a issue, relatively few of the Lost Girls were able to do good from the resettlement program to the US.^[eleven] Of the four,000 Sudanese refugees approved in 2000, merely 89 were women.^[22]

Moreover, the stories of the Lost Girls are by and large forgotten in low-cal of their limited exposure when in the refugee camps. While the boys were encouraged to share their stories and what happened to them, girls were shunned from public light. Speaking of the rape was unacceptable and left the girls vulnerable to beingness blamed for the rape that occurred confronting them. Therefore, the Lost Boys are more than focused on in literature.

Books, films and plays

In that location have been a number of books, films, and plays about the Lost Boys, including:

• 2020: Father of the Lost Boys, a memoir by Yuot Ajang Alaak^[25]
• 2018: Days of Refugee: 1 of the Earth's Known Lost Boys of Sudan, a memoir past Nathaniel Nyok^[26]
• 2016: Walking Boys: The Perilous Road to South Sudan Independence, a memoir by Awak Kondok Malith^[27]
• 2016: How Fast Can You Run, a novel based on the life of Lost Boy Michael Majok Kuch by Harriet Levin Millan^[28]
• 2016: God's Refugee: The Story of a Lost Boy Pastor, a memoir by John Daau and Lilly Sanders Ubbens
• 2014: The Good Lie, a motion picture nearly iv Lost Boys who resettle in America.
• 2014: Out of the Impossible: The Hope of the Lost Boy, an interpretive book past Paul Kur, who became a lost male child at age five and eventually came to the U.S.
• 2013: Struggle between Despair and Life: From Sudan's Marshland Village, Child Soldiering, Refugee Camp and America, memoir by Mayak Deng Aruei
• 2013: Unspeakable: My Journey equally a Lost Boy of Sudan, a memoir by John Reng Ajak Gieu.^[29]
• 2012: Running for My Life, by Lopez Lomong and Mark Tabb. Autobiography of the U.S. Olympian and quondam Lost Boy.^[30]
• 2011: Machine Gun Preacher, a film almost Sam Childers, based on his volume Another Man's War, apropos Childers work with Sudanese war orphans in Africa.
• 2010: A Long Walk to Water past Linda Sue Park. A fictional novel about Sudan that includes the existent-life story of lost boy Salva Dut.
• 2010: A Hare in the Elephant'southward Trunk, past January L. Coates. A novel based on the life of Jacob Deng, now living in Nova Scotia, Canada.^[31]
• 2010: NCIS: Los Angeles, episode "Alienation", (flavour i, showtime aired January 5, 2010).
• 2009: Rebuilding Hope, a documentary directed by Jen Marlowe following iii Lost Boys, Gabriel Bol Deng, Koor Garang and Garang Mayuol, equally they return to Due south Sudan.^[32]
• 2009: The Lost Male child: The true story of a young boy'due south flying from Sudan to South Africa, by Aher Arop Bol. The story of Lost Boy Aher Arp Bol journey from Sudan to Southward Africa.^[33]
• 2008: State of war Child, a documentary by C. Karim Chrobog virtually the musician and onetime kid soldier Emmanuel Jal.^[34]
• 2008: Courageous Journey: Walking the Lost Boys Path from the Sudan to America, memoir by Barbara Youree, Ayuel Leek and Beny Ngor.^[35]
• 2007: The Lost Boys of Sudan, a play nigh the subject field, written by Lonnie Carter.^[36] Open at The Children'southward Theater Company in Minneapolis.^[37] A 2010 production at Victory Gardens Theater in Chicago.^[38]
• 2007: Without A Trace episode "Lost Male child" (season 6, starting time aired September 27, 2007), featured two Lost Boys as fictional supporting characters.
• 2007: Facing Sudan, a documentary picture show touches on the story of the Lost Boys every bit it covers the wider 2d Sudanese Ceremonious War.
• 2007: God Grew Tired of The states: A Memoir, by John Bul Dau and Michael Sweeney. The life story of John Dau, who was as well chronicled in the 2006 documentary God Grew Tired of Us.^[39]
• 2007: Not Simply Child's Play: Emerging Tradition and the Lost Boys of Sudan, by Felicia R. McMahon. An assay of the music, dance, and folklore of the DiDinga community living effectually Syracuse, New York.^[forty]
• 2006: What Is the What: The Autobiography of Valentino Achak Deng, by Dave Eggers. An autobiographical novel based on the story of Valentino Achak Deng, at present living in the US.
• 2006: God Grew Tired of United states, a documentary directed by Christopher Dillon Quinn about John Dau, Akim Bunny, Daniel Pach and Panther Bior, now living in New York City.^[41]
• 2005: They Poured Burn down on United states of america From the Sky: The Truthful Story of Three Lost Boys of Sudan, past Benson Deng, Alephonsion Deng, Benjamin Ajak, and Judy A. Bernstein. The truthful story in their ain words of the 14-year journey of three Lost Boys who came to the Us in 2001 earlier 9/11.^[42]
• 2005: The Lost Boys of Sudan: An American Story of the Refugee Experience, by Mark Bixler,^[43] a nonfiction book near "Lost Boys" resettled in the U.s..
• 2005: The Journey of the Lost Boys, past Joan Hecht.^[44]
• 2005: Brothers in Hope, a children's story of the lost boys of Sudan, by Mary Williams; illustrated by R. Gregory Christie. New York, NY: Lee & Low Books. ISBN 978-1-58430-232-2
• 2005: Dinka Diaries, a documentary by Filmon Mebrahtu almost Lost Boys in Philadelphia.^[45]
• 2004: Alliance for the Lost Boys of Sudan, written by Joan Hecht about Alliance for the Lost Boys.^[46]
• 2004: I Heart Huckabees, a moving-picture show that mentions the Sudanese State of war; one-time Lost Male child Ger Duany acts in the movie.^[47]
• 2004: Lost Boy No More: A True Story of Survival and Salvation, by Abraham Nhial and DiAnn Mills. Autobiography of Abraham Nhial, who fled to Ethiopia from Sudan.^[48]
• 2004: 7th Heaven episode "Lost and Establish" (flavor eight, first aired May iii, 2004), depicted two Lost Boys.
• 2003: Lost Boys of Sudan, a documentary motion-picture show about 2 Lost Boys, Santino Majok Chuor and Peter Nyarol Dut, who came to the United States. Aired on P.O.V..
• 2003: A Great Wonder: Lost Children of Sudan Resettling in America, a documentary virtually 3 Lost Boys who immigrate to Seattle, Washington.
• 2002: Benjamin and His Brother, a documentary by the belatedly Arthur Howes virtually Benjamin and William Deng, brothers in a Kenyan refugee military camp who are separated when just i is accepted by a U.Southward. resettlement program.^[49]
• 2002: Kakuma Turkana: Dueling Struggles: Africa's Forgotten Peoples by Daniel Cheng Yang, a photographic periodical of Kakuma Refugee Camp and the indigenous Turkana peoples of northwest Republic of kenya.^[50]

See besides

• Nuer White Army
• Francis Bok
• Lopez Lomong

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} Lost Boys of Sudan, official IRC website.
2. ^ "Who are the Lost Boys". The Lost Boys of Sudan in Chicago. BCDEnterprises. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
3. ^ Gettleman, Jeffrey (xxx June 2012). "New Wave of 'Lost Boys' Abscond Sudan's Lingering War". The New York Times. NYTimes.com. Retrieved 1 July 2012.
4. ^ Simon Tisdall (five July 2013). "Fears of a new Darfur every bit refugees are caught in animate being force on Sudan's border". The Guardian. guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
5. ^ ^{a b} Verney, Peter (1995). "Sudan: Conflict and minorities". London: Minority Rights Group.
6. ^ Deng, Francis (January 2001). "Sudan - Ceremonious War and Genocide". Center East Quarterly. Middle East Forum. Retrieved June xviii, 2018.
7. ^ See for example War Kid: A Child Soldier'due south Story by Emmanuel Jal
8. ^ ^{a b c d due east f} Biel, Melha Rout (2003). "The Civil War in southern Sudan and its result on youth and children". Social Work & Society. one (ane): 119–127.
9. ^ Eggers, Dace (November 13, 2007). What is the What. Vintage. ISBN9780307385901.
10. ^ ^{a b} Walgren, Judy (1994). "The Lost Boys of Southern Sudan". Africa Report. 39.3 (twoscore).
11. ^ ^{a b c d e} Joan Hecht. The Journey of the Lost Boys
12. ^ "The lost boys of Sudan". Children in War. Children in War. Retrieved June 19, 2018.
13. ^ "Lost Boys of Sudan". International Rescue Committee. International Rescue Committee. 2014-10-03. Retrieved June 19, 2018.
14. ^ "The lost boys of the Sudan". unicef.org . Retrieved fourteen December 2016.
15. ^ "Sudan: American Resettlement of "Lost Boys" Continues". Reliefweb. OCHA. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
16. ^ Burbach, C. "Rally features Sudanese vice president." Omaha Globe-Herald. July 22, 2006.
17. ^ Matuszak, Sascha (January fourteen, 2016). "A Lost Male child of Sudan in the Midwest MMA Circuit". world wide web.vice.com . Retrieved 2020-07-21 .
18. ^ Meade, Fionn (2002). The Lost Boys of Sudan. pp. 358–362.
19. ^ ^{a b} Luster, Tom; et al. (2008). "The Lost Boys of Sudan: Ambiguous Loss, Search For Family, and Reestablishing Relationships with Family unit Members". Family Relations. 57 (four): 444–456. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2008.00513.x.
20. ^ Geltman, Paul; et al. "The "Lost Boys of Sudan" Functional and Behavioral Health of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors Resettled in the The states" (PDF). Semantics Scholar. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 21, 2018. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
21. ^ "Alliance for the Lost Boys of Sudan - Alliance for the Lost Boys of Sudan". allianceforthelostboys.com . Retrieved fourteen Dec 2016.
22. ^ ^{a b c d} El Jack, Amani (2012). "Education is My Female parent and Father: The "Invisible" Women of Sudan". Refuge: Canada'southward Journal on Refugees. 27 (2).
23. ^ Bassoff, Leah. "The Untold Story of The Lost Girls of Southern Sudan". Groundwoodbooks. Wordpress. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
24. ^ Harriss, Anne (2010). "I Ain't No Girl: Representation and Reconstruction of the" Found Girls" of Sudan". Race/Ethnicity: Multidisciplinary Global Contexts. four (1): 41–63. doi:ten.2979/racethmulglocon.2010.4.1.41.
25. ^ Yuot Ajang Alaak (2020). Begetter of the Lost Boys. Fremantle Printing. ISBN978-1925815641.
26. ^ Nathaniel Nyok (2018). Days of Refugee: One of the Globe's Known Lost Boys of Sudan. Waldorf Publishing. ISBN9781635871616.
27. ^ Awak Kondok Malith (2016). Walking Boys: The Perilous Road to South Sudan Independence. iUniverse. ISBN9781532006524.
28. ^ HOW FAST CAN Y'all RUN by Harriet Levin Millan - Kirkus Reviews. kirkusreviews.com . Retrieved 14 December 2016.
29. ^ "Gardening soothes Dallas man's childhood of fear and impecuniousness - Gardening - Dallas News". dallasnews.com. 13 Nov 2013. Retrieved xiv Dec 2016.
30. ^ "Running for my Life". lopezlomong.com . Retrieved fourteen December 2016.
31. ^ A Hare in the Elephant's Trunk Archived 2011-07-18 at the Wayback Machine, a novel based on the life of Jacob Deng Archived 2011-01-15 at the Wayback Machine. ISBN 978-0-88995-451-9
32. ^ "Rebuilding Hope, a documentary by Jen Marlowe". rebuildinghopesudan.org. Archived from the original on 5 November 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
33. ^ Aher Arop Bol, The Lost Male child: The true story of a young boy'southward flight from Sudan to South Africa, Kwela Books. ISBN 978-0-7957-0278-5
34. ^ State of war Child Archived 2013-04-20 at the Wayback Machine official film website
35. ^ "Arkansas writer to visit Saline Canton Library". The Arkansas Democrat-Gazette. January eight, 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
36. ^ "Lonnie Carter website". Lonnie Carter. Retrieved September 9, 2012. Total text of play available online.
37. ^ Quinton Skinner (April 2, 2007). "The Lost Boys of Sudan". Variety . Retrieved September ix, 2012.
38. ^ Zac Thompson (April 10, 2010). "The Second Deed Is American Life". Chicago Reader . Retrieved September nine, 2012. . Farther reviews at Review Round-Upward, theatreinchicago.com, retrieved September 11, 2012.
39. ^ John Bul Dau and Michael Sweeney, God Grew Tired of United states: A Memoir. ISBN 978-1-4262-0114-1
40. ^ Felicia R. McMahon, Not Only Kid's Play: Emerging Tradition and the Lost Boys of Sudan. ISBN 978-1-57806-987-3
41. ^ God Grew Tired of U.s. official film website.
42. ^ They Poured Fire on Us from the Heaven, official book site.
43. ^ "UGA Press View Book". ugapress.org . Retrieved fourteen December 2016.
44. ^ Joan Hecht, The Journey of the Lost Boys. ISBN 0-9763875-0-6
45. ^ Dinka Diaries at IMDB
46. ^ Alliance For The Lost Boys, official web site.
47. ^ I Heart Huckabees at IMDB
48. ^ Abraham Nhial and DiAnn Mills. Lost Boy No More than. ISBN 0-8054-3186-1
49. ^ Benjamin and His Brother.
50. ^ Yang, Daniel Cheng (August 2002). Kakuma - Turkana: Dueling Struggles: Africa'south Forgotten Peoples . Pangaea. ISBN978-1929165506.

External links

NGOs

• Sudan Development Foundation - SUDEF is a not-profit working in South Sudan in partnership with rural villages to ameliorate their quality of life. Founded in 2007 in Burlington, VT past Lost Boys Abraham Awolich and Peter Keny, their community-based approach recognizes the resilience, the shared responsibility and the ongoing commitment necessary to establish self-reliant, healthy communities that build lasting peace.
• The Promise of Sudan is a united alliance of all proven Sudanese-led nonprofit organizations in the United States that share a mutual mission — to provide the foundation for stable communities and empower our Sudanese brothers and sisters to transform their villages socially and economically.
• Wadeng Wings of Hope A Canadian-Revenue-Agency approved charity founded by Jacob Deng, featured in the book, A Hare in the Elephant'southward Trunk. Its mission is to construct schoolrooms to improve education for all children in S Sudan.
• The Sudanese Education Fund, a 501(c)iii nonprofit serving the South Sudanese refugee population in Massachusetts
• HELPSudan International, founded by Lost Boys living in Chicago who are determined to better communities in southern Sudan past establishing schools and providing health resource and clean h2o
• Sudan Assistance ^{[ permanent dead link ]} , a foundation founded by former Lost Boy Awak Malith and dedicated to transforming education across Due south Sudan.
• John Dau Foundation, (besides John Dau Sudan Foundation), a Foundation founded by Lost Boy John Dau and dedicated to transforming healthcare in Southern Sudan
• The Valentino Achak Deng Foundation
• Alliance For The Lost Boys
• Sudanese Lost Boys Association of Australia
• Ayual Community Development Association
• Gabriel's Dream A charity dedicated to securing instruction and dental care for the lost boys.
• Pongborong Primary School - In 2004, Peter Magai Bul and the ACDA established Pongborong Master School, which served 300 students. With the back up of ACDA, the school has grown to serve approximately 800 students in grades one through vii.
• South Sudan Village Care Foundation - South Sudan Village Care Foundation is a not for profit organization formed in Rochester, NY, founded by Palath Thonchar, one of the Lost Boys & Girls of South Sudan. Their mission is to build and maintain a medical clinic in Palath's dwelling house hamlet of Panrieng.
• Hope for Ariang, Lost Boy Gabriel Bol Deng's projection to build a primary school in the Bhar El Ghazal region
• Water for Sudan, founded by Lost Boy Salva Dut to provide clean water to Southern Sudan
• Southern Sudan Health Care Organization, founded by Lost Boys Jacob Atem and Lual Awan, to build a clinic in Southern Sudan
• 4 South Sudan, founded past The states Olympian and Lost Boy Lopez Lomong to run into the needs of the South Sudanese people by improving admission to make clean water, healthcare, didactics, and nutrition

Photographs and articles

• Photojournalist's Account - Images of Sudan's displaced
• Betwixt Ii Worlds: A Personal Journey, Photographs past Eli Reed of the Lost Boys of Sudan
• Sudanese Stories, An oral history project recording the migration journeys and settlement experiences of southern Sudanese refugees now living in Blacktown, Western Sydney, Australia
• "Lost Boys detect their way in Rochester", a story on Lost Boys relocating to the United states of america

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lost_Boys_of_Sudan

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